Software Case Tools Overview

CASE stands for Computer Aided Software Engineering. It means, development and maintenance of software projects with help of various automated software tools.

CASE Tools

CASE tools are set of software application programs, which are used to automate SDLC activities. CASE tools are used by software project managers, analysts and engineers to develop software system.
There are number of CASE tools available to simplify various stages of Software Development Life Cycle such as Analysis tools, Design tools, Project management tools, Database Management tools, Documentation tools are to name a few.
Use of CASE tools accelerates the development of project to produce desired result and helps to uncover flaws before moving ahead with next stage in software development.

Components of CASE Tools

CASE tools can be broadly divided into the following parts based on their use at a particular SDLC stage:

• Central Repository - CASE tools require a central repository, which can serve as a source of common, integrated and consistent information. Central repository is a central place of storage where product specifications, requirement documents, related reports and diagrams, other useful information regarding management is stored. Central repository also serves as data dictionary.
  
• Upper Case Tools - Upper CASE tools are used in planning, analysis and design stages of SDLC.
• Lower Case Tools - Lower CASE tools are used in implementation, testing and maintenance.
• Integrated Case Tools - Integrated CASE tools are helpful in all the stages of SDLC, from Requirement gathering to Testing and documentation.
  

Java - Objects and Classes

Java is an Object-Oriented Language. As a language that has the Object Oriented feature, Java supports the following fundamental concepts:

• Polymorphism
• Inheritance
• Encapsulation
• Abstraction
• Classes
• Objects
• Instance
• Method
• Message Parsing

In this chapter, we will look into the concepts Classes and Objects.

• Object - Objects have states and behaviors. Example: A dog has states - color, name, breed as well as behaviors -wagging, barking, eating. An object is an instance of a class.
• Class - A class can be defined as a template/blue print that describes the behaviors/states that object of its type support.

Objects in Java:

Let us now look deep into what are objects. If we consider the real-world we can find many objects around us, Cars, Dogs, Humans, etc. All these objects have a state and behavior.
If we consider a dog, then its state is - name, breed, color, and the behavior is - barking, wagging, running
If you compare the software object with a real world object, they have very similar characteristics.
Software objects also have a state and behavior. A software object's state is stored in fields and behavior is shown via methods.
So in software development, methods operate on the internal state of an object and the object-to-object communication is done via methods.

Classes in Java:

A class is a blue print from which individual objects are created.
A sample of a class is given below:

public class Dog{
   String breed;
   int age;
   String color;

   void barking(){
   }
   
   void hungry(){
   }
   
   void sleeping(){
   }
}

A class can contain any of the following variable types.

Glenmark Pharma up 3% on final ANDA nod for skin drug

Shares of Glen mark Parma surged 3.3 percent intraday Tuesday on receiving USFDA sanction for skin treatment by its US additional. "Glen mark Generics Inc, USA, the subsidiary of Glen mark Generics, has been settled final approval from the United States Food and Drug management (US FDA) for its condensed new drug application (ANDA) for Fluocinonide Cream USP 0.1 percent, the broad version of Vanes Cream by Medicos," says the company in its filing.

Fluocinonide Cream is indicated for the relief of the inflammatory and cleanliness manifestations of corticosteroid responsive dermatomes. "VANOS unguent is a instruction corticosteroid (steroid hormone) used on the skin (topical) to treat adults and children 12 years of age and older with confident skin conditions that cause red, flaky, and itchy skin," says Medicis. According to IMS Health sales data for the 12 month stage finish March 2014, Fluocinonide Cream garnered yearly sales of approximately USD 103 million. Glenmark’s current portfolio consists of 93 products authorised for allotment in the US marketplace and 71 ANDA’s pending approval with the US FDA. "In adding up to these internal filings, Glenmark Generics Inc continues to identify and explore external development partnerships to supplement and speed up the growth of the accessible pipeline and selection," it adds. At 10:36 hours IST, the stock was quoting at Rs 551.75, up 2.34 percent on the BSE.

City Union Bank gains 2% on strong response to share sale

Shares of  City Union Bank rose 2 percent on burly answer to its share sale to hoist up to Rs 350 corer.
City Union Bank on Monday sunset launched a share sale for institutional investors to lift up Rs 250-350 crore, phrase sheet showed.
Floor price for the share sale had been permanent at Rs 75.05 a share, the lender said in a report
The bank's share sale has been oversubscribed by almost 2.5 times, people occupied in the method said.
At 10:33 hrs City Union Bank was quoting at Rs 75.00, up Rs 0.65, or 0.87 percent on the BSE.

Railways' earnings up by over 9% in April-June

Indian Railways has registered an over 9 percent augment in its returns in the April-June divide into four parts this year as compared to the equivalent age last year. The Railways earned Rs.36,674.17 center through April-June 2014 as compared to Rs.33,499.53 crore through the same epoch last year, registering an augment of 9.48 percent, according to railway ministry data. The total wages from goods or shipment during April-June stage was Rs.24,850.37 crore compared to Rs.23,214.60 crore through the corresponding period last year, an enlarge of 7.05 percent, it said. Total earnings from passengers during the first quarter of this fiscal was Rs.10,153.68 crore compared to Rs.8,724.65 crore during the same period last year, registering an amplify of 16.38 percent. The earnings from other instruction amounted to Rs.1,011.35 crore during this period as against Rs.972.58 crore in the parallel period last year, registering an increase of 3.99 percent . The total number of passengers booked during this period was 2103.35 million compared to 1959.73 million through the same phase last year, which was an raise of 7.33 percent, the data said.

Top trading tips by Sanjeev Bhasin

Markets are clearly exhibiting strong bullishness on the back of return of conviction, future expectations and fund flows by the foreign investors. Investors are buying cyclicals like banks and capital goods and are selling defensives like, FMCG, pharma & IT With rupee clearly showing strength, exporters would continue to be under pressure.
On Tuesday, we saw continued ETF buying, which countered the weak global cues. The trend may continue today. Also, market grapevine has it that a large & influential foreign broking house that was negative in banks has turned very strong buyer. As a result, banks led from the front & may continue to do so. The weakness in China can only spell good news for India as commodity weakness helps lower inflation.
The trade for today would be buying banks & capital goods, with counter selling in IT, pharma & FMCG. However, buying is in blue chip names & not high beta as markets could surprise with a mild correction as consensus bullishness rules the street.

Tax planning tips for different age groups and various income slabs

 
Tax planning is one of the most important aspects of personal finance. People often fail to look at tax planning objectively and straight away start making investments related to tax saving. Also they often tend to mix tax planning and investment planning, which are totally different and are made with varying objective.
Insurance for long has been the front-runner whenever investments regarding tax savings are considered. Life insurance is not an investment option but a financial tool, which protects from any unforeseen eventualities. Buying excessive insurance however leads to holding unnecessary products.
Savings under section 80C can be broadly classified as investment based and non-investment based.
Provident Fund (PF), Public Provident Fund (PPF), Employees' Provident Fund (EPF), National Savings Certificates (NSC), National Pension System (NPS), Fixed deposit (FD) and Equity Linked Savings Scheme (ELSS)come are investment based savings; while principal repayment of home loan, tuition fee are non-investment based.
Before making investments related to tax saving it is always important that the individuals must analyse their risk appetite, and determine the percentage of debt and equity exposure they are comfortable with. Then they can match these percentages of debt and equity while investing in the available tax saving investments.
Since the risk appetite, liquidity needs and current portfolio of every individual are different, making investments based on just returns is not advisable.
TAX PLANNING AGE-WISE
23-30
This is generally starting phase of the career for most of the professionals, and therefore is the right time to start saving for the future. The investments made during this phase should have a long-term investment horizon. Starting to save and investing for retirement will give an edge if started at early age because of power of compounding.
Investing in a mix of ELSS and pension-related schemes like EPF, NPS or EPF is a good option for professionals of this age group. By doing so, they ensure that they plan for their retirement from an early age. It also provides the advantage of providing equity exposure to their retirement fund.
It is also advisable for the professionals of this age group to get required life insurance cover and health insurance cover. They can take the advantage of low premium rates if they start during this age. Avoid falling in the trap of endowment plans and unit linked insurance plans.